Setup TYPO3 on Ubuntu with Nginx, MariaDB and PHP 7.2-FPM

Few days ago we showed you how to install TYPO3 with Composer and Apache2 HTTP support. Well, this post shows you how to use Nginx web server instead. To get TYPO3 with Nginx support, continue below:

Students and new users looking for help installing the latest version of TYPO3 ( v9.4.0 ) from GitHub using Composer with Nginx, MariaDB and PHP 7.2 support, the steps below should be a great place to start.

When you use Composer to install TYPO3 packages, you can easily upgrade from the command line with Composer, which is much simpler.

TYPO3 also has a built-in tool that allows webmasters to upgrade easily. but it must be configured first which may be intimidating for new users and students. So installing and updating using simple commands may be a great option if you’re new.

This brief tutorial is going to show students and new users how to install / upgrade TYPO3 from Github repository via Composer with Nginx, MariaDB and PHP 7.2 support on Ubuntu 16.04 | 18.04 LTS servers.

To get started with installing TYPO3, follow the steps below:

Step 1: Install Nginx HTTP Server on Ubuntu

Nginx HTTP Server is probably the second most popular web server in use. so install it since TYPO3 needs it.

To install Nginx HTTP on Ubuntu server, run the commands below.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx

After installing Nginx, the commands below can be used to stop, start and enable Nginx service to always start up with the server boots.

sudo systemctl stop nginx.service
sudo systemctl start nginx.service
sudo systemctl enable nginx.service

To test Nginx setup, open your browser and browse to the server hostname or IP address and you should see Nginx default test page as shown below. When you see that, then Nginx is working as expected.

Step 2: Install MariaDB Database Server

MariaDB database server is a great place to start when looking at open source database servers to use with Magento. To install MariaDB run the commands below.

sudo apt-get install mariadb-server mariadb-client

After installing MariaDB, the commands below can be used to stop, start and enable MariaDB service to always start up when the server boots.

Run these on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

sudo systemctl stop mysql.service
sudo systemctl start mysql.service
sudo systemctl enable mysql.service

Run these on Ubuntu 18.04 and 18.10 LTS

sudo systemctl stop mariadb.service
sudo systemctl start mariadb.service
sudo systemctl enable mariadb.service

After that, run the commands below to secure MariaDB server by creating a root password and disallowing remote root access.

sudo mysql_secure_installation

When prompted, answer the questions below by following the guide.

• Enter current password for root (enter for none): Just press the Enter
• Set root password? [Y/n]: Y
• New password: Enter password
• Re-enter new password: Repeat password
• Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]: Y
• Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]: Y
• Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]:  Y
• Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]:  Y

Restart MariaDB server

To test if MariaDB is installed, type the commands below to logon to MariaDB server

sudo mysql -u root -p

Then type the password you created above to sign on. if successful, you should see MariaDB welcome message

Step 3: Install PHP 7.2-FPM and Related Modules

PHP 7.2-FPM may not be available in Ubuntu default repositories. in order to install it, you will have to get it from third-party repositories.

Run the commands below to add the below third party repository to upgrade to PHP 7.2-FPM

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

Then update and upgrade to PHP 7.2-FPM

sudo apt update

Next, run the commands below to install PHP 7.2 and related modules.

sudo apt install php7.2-fpm php7.2-common php7.2-gmp php7.2-curl php7.2-intl php7.2-mbstring php7.2-xmlrpc php7.2-mysql php7.2-gd php7.2-xml php7.2-cli php7.2-zip

After installing PHP 7.2, run the commands below to open PHP default config file for Nginx.

sudo nano /etc/php/7.2/fpm/php.ini

Then make the changes on the following lines below in the file and save. The value below are great settings to apply in your environments.

file_uploads = On
allow_url_fopen = On
short_open_tag = On
memory_limit = 256M
upload_max_filesize = 100M
cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0
max_execution_time = 360
max_input_vars = 1500
date.timezone = America/Chicago

After making the change above, save the file and close out.

Step 3: Restart Nginx

After installing PHP and related modules, all you have to do is restart Nginx to reload PHP configurations.

To restart Nginx, run the commands below

sudo systemctl restart nginx.service

Step 4: Create TYPO3 Database

Now that you’ve installed all the packages that are required for TYPO3 to function, continue below to start configuring the servers. First run the commands below to create a blank TYPO3database.

To logon to MariaDB database server, run the commands below.

sudo mysql -u root -p

Then create a database called typo3

CREATE DATABASE typo3;

Create a database user called typo3user with new password

CREATE USER 'typo3user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password_here';

Then grant the user full access to the database.

GRANT ALL ON typo3.* TO 'typo3user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'user_password_here' WITH GRANT OPTION;

Finally, save your changes and exit.

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

Step 5: Download TYPO3 Latest Release

To get TYPO3 latest release you may want to use Github repository. Install Composer, Curl and other dependencies to get started.

sudo apt install curl git
curl -sS  | sudo php -- --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer

After installing curl and Composer above, change into the Nginx root directory and downaload TYPO3 packages from Github. Always replace the release number with the latest release.

cd /var/www/html
sudo composer create-project typo3/cms-base-distribution typo3 ^9
sudo touch /var/www/html/typo3/public/FIRST_INSTALL

Then run the commands below to set the correct permissions for TYPO3 to function.

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/typo3/
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/typo3/

Step 6: Configure Nginx

Finally, configure Apahce2 site configuration file for TYPO3. This file will control how users’ access TYPO3 content. Run the commands below to create a new configuration file called typo3

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/typo3

Then copy and paste the content below into the file and save it. Replace the highlighted line with your own domain name and directory root location.

server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    root /var/www/html/typo3/public;
    index  index.php index.html index.htm;
    server_name  example.com www.example.com;

    location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ @sfc;       
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    location =/ {
      recursive_error_pages on;
      error_page 405 = @sfc;
      return 405;
    }

    location @t3frontend {
      try_files $uri /index.php$is_args$args;
    }

   location @sfc {
     error_page 405 = @t3frontend;
    # Query String needs to be empty
    if ($args != '') {
        return 405;
    }

    # We can't serve static files for logged-in BE/FE users
    if ($cookie_nc_staticfilecache="fe_typo_user_logged_in") {
        return 405;
    }
    if ($cookie_be_typo_user != '') {
        return 405;
    }

    # Ensure we redirect to TYPO3 for non GET/HEAD requests
    if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|HEAD)$ ) {
        return 405;
    }

    charset utf8;
    try_files /typo3temp/tx_ncstaticfilecache/${scheme}/${host}${uri}/index.html
          /typo3temp/tx_ncstaticfilecache/${scheme}/${host}${uri}
          =405;
   }

   location /typo3temp/tx_ncstaticfilecache {
     deny all;
  }

}

Save the file and exit.

Step 7: Enable the TYPO3

After configuring the VirtualHost above, enable it by running the commands below

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/typo3 /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

Step 8: Restart Nginx

To load all the settings above, restart Nginx by running the commands below.

sudo systemctl restart nginx.service

Then open your browser and browse to the server domain name. You should see TYPO3 setup wizard to complete. Please follow the wizard carefully.

Then follow the on-screen instructions and select the installation language here.

Next, type the database user name and password, then continue.

On the next screen, select the database you created above and continue.

Then create an admin account and the TYPO3 site info and finish the instalation. after a brief moment, you should see your new site created.

Congratulation! You have successfully installed TYPO3 on Ubuntu 16.04 | 18.04 and may work on upcoming 18.10.

In the future when you want to upgrade to a new released version, simply run the commands below to upgrade.

cd /var/www/html/typo3
sudo composer install
sudo composer require typo3/cms:^9.4 --update-with-dependencies
sudo composer require typo3/minimal

That’s it!